Data on 1292 landslide and 771 flood fatalities that occurred in Italy in the 50-year period 1965–2014, was analysed to determine the dependence of the fatalities on gender and age and the circumstances of death by type of hazard. Authors found that in Italy men are more vulnerable to floods and landslides for most of the age categories. Apart from children, men are over-represented up to the age of 89 for floods and up to 79 for landslides, whereas women are under-represented up to the age of 59 for floods and landslides, and over-represented above 70 for floods and between 60 and 79 for landslides. A temporal analysis splitting the record into two non-overlapping subsets of 25 year each, demonstrated that the over-representation of men compared to women, both for landslide and flood is statistically significant and does not vary in time. Analysis of the data allowed to identify the common circumstances of death. Landslides fatalities occurred frequently indoor, whereas the majority of the flood fatalities occurred outdoor, outlining the different dynamics of the hazards. Floods killed numerous people along roads and drivers or passengers travelling in vehicles.