This edited volume argues that gender equality is a key component of sustainable development and should be central to any pathways to sustainability. It calls for the inclusion of women and girls into programmes and policy-making that aim to advance gender equality and women’s rights, and identifies 4 sets of issues where such an approach and its challenges can be considered: work and industrial production, population and reproduction, food and agriculture, and water, sanitation and energy. Throughout the book, these areas and different pathways to sustainable development are explored through a gender lens.