This paper analyses whether there was a different pattern between men and women in terms of the impact of heat on different specific causes of hospital admissions in Madrid. By assessing daily emergency hospital admissions in Madrid due to natural, respiratory and circulatory causes, the authors were able to stratify their analysis by sex, in addition to analyses multiple other variables such as acoustic pollution. The study’s results determine that one’s vulnerability to the effects of a heatwave increases depending on gender geographically, as well as depending on socio-economic and political factors. Those who are elderly and have pre-existing health conditions and diseases are also vulnerable. Increased vulnerability for women, some have argued, could be due to biological factors such as sex hormones and having a thicker layer of subcutaneous fat however previous studies have shown that elderly women may be less likely to seek medical help when experiencing symptoms.